HPLC手性流动相添加剂法拆分巴氯芬对映体

建立了以羧甲基-β-环糊精为手性流动相添加剂,在反相液谱条件下拆分巴氯芬对映体的方法。研究了手性添加剂的种类及浓度、流动相组成、pH值及流速等尉崇对拆分的影响。流动千H为甲醇、乙腈、水,体积比为90：5：5,其中含2．00g／LCM-β-CD,pH值5．95,流速0．60mL／min,检测波长231nm,分离度为1．31。该方法简便、快速、相对偏差小。     

Electronic structure and optical properties of F-doped β-Ga2O3 from first principles calculations

The effects of F-doping concentration on geometric structure, electronic structure and optical property of β-Ga₂O₃ were investigated. All F-doped β-Ga₂O₃ with different concentrations are easy to be formed under Ga-rich conditions, the stability and lattice parameters increase with the F-doping concentration. F-doped β-Ga₂O₃ materials display characteristics of the n-type semiconductor, occupied states contributed from Ga 4s, Ga 4p and O 2p states in the conduction band increase with an increase in F-doping concentration. The increase of F concentration leads to the narrowing of the band gap and the broadening of the occupied states. F-doped β-Ga₂O₃ exhibits the sharp band edge absorption and a broad absorption band. Absorption edges are blue-shifted, and the intensity of broad band absorption has been enhanced with respect to the fluorine content. The broad band absorption is ascribed to the intra-band transitions from occupied states to empty states in the conduction band.     

山西省晋中某地地下水总放射性比例异常的原因分析

选取山西省5个水体采样点,于2013—2014年平水期、枯水期分别进行采样,并分析测定其总α、总β放射性水平,同时测定5个点地下水的铀、钍、镭、钾等核素的活度浓度。测定结果表明有一个采样点——晋中采样点地下水总α放射性水平始终大于总β放射性水平。进一步分析该点水样的p H值及碳酸根离子的含量,发现晋中水样的p H值为7.79,碳酸根离子的含量为299.9 mg/L。该点弱碱性环境及较高的碳酸根离子含量有助于碳酸铀酰络合物的形成,使水样中的铀含量增高,且其钾含量又偏低,造成晋中采样点地下水总α放射性水平始终大于总β放射性水平。     

Inclusion complexation of (11-ferrocenylundecyl)trimethylammonium bromide by β-cyclodextrin and its effects on electrochemical behavior of the surfactant

This report describes the influence of β-cyclodextrin complexation on thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the electrode reaction of (11-ferrocenylundecyl)trimethylammonium bromide in aqueous media. The host attracted the reduced form having a less positive charge more strongly than the corresponding oxidized one. Thus, a hydrophobic interaction between the non-polar host cavity and the ferrocene moiety plays an important role in the inclusion complexation. Fast-scan voltammetric behavior of the amphiphilic ion suggested that inclusion-ejection processes practically attain equilibrium in the scan-rate range below 10 V s⁻¹, because of their fast rates. The relation between the peak current and peak potential leads to the conclusion that the enveloped guest exchanges no electrons directly with an electrode. The mean diffusion coefficient of the surfactant can be written as a linear combination of the contributions from a free monomolecular, a micelle-forming, and a host-bound surfactant. Since the binding affinity of the ferrocene moiety for the host cavity is much stronger than the aggregation force between the amphiphilic molecules in aqueous media, the host disrupts the micelles by incorporating the surfactant molecule into its cavity.     

激光对生产β-胡萝卜素的藻种——盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)诱变的研究

用激光(335nm,0.014MW/mm~2)对产生6-胡萝卜素的盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella Salina)进行了诱变研究,藻的存活率为90％。诱导后筛选到三个盐生杜氏藻的品系。生长速度较原藻最高增加20％,长度增加7.5％,萨-胡萝卜素生产能力为0.48mg·100ml~(-1)天~-1),比原藻增加19％。     

Structural features of a polypeptide carrier promoting secretion of a β-lactamase fusion protein in yeast

Escherichia coli β-lactamase was secreted into the culture medium of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in biologically active form, when fused to the C-terminus of the hsp150δ-carrier. The hsp150δ-carrier is an N-terminal fragment of the yeast hsp150 protein, having a signal peptide and consisting mostly of a 19 amino acid peptide repeated 11 times in tandem. Here we expressed the hsp150δ-carrier fragment alone in S. cerevisiae. Apparently due to a positional effect of the gene insertion, large amounts of the hsp150δ-carrier were synthesized. About half of the de novo synthesized carrier molecules were secreted into the culture medium, the rest remaining mostly in the pre-Golgi compartment. The extensively O-glycosylated carrier fragment was purified from the culture medium under non-denaturing conditions. Circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that it had no regular secondary structure. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that a non-glycosylated synthetic peptide, the consensus sequence of the repetitive 19 amino acid peptide, also lacked secondary structure. The unstructured carrier polypeptide may facilitate proper folding and secretion of heterologous proteins attached to it.     

C-selective infrared multiple photon dissociation of β-propiolactone by a free electron laser

The irradiation of a free electron laser at Tokyo University of Science (FEL-TUS) to β-propiolactone molecules in the gas phase has efficiently induced the infrared multiple photon dissociation of the compound in the wavenumber regions of 1000-1100 and 1700-2000 cm⁻¹. The products were carbon dioxide and ethylene at equal amounts, where carbon dioxide was enriched with ¹³C under selected irradiation conditions. The relative yields of products and the selectivity of ¹³C were examined under various experimental conditions; the maximum ¹³C atom fraction of 59% was achieved when 2.5 Torr β-propiolactone was irradiated by FEL pulses at 1750 cm⁻¹ with a fluence of 5.8 J cm⁻². One of the reasons of this high selectivity is a large isotope shift of ∼47 cm⁻¹ for the CO stretching vibration around 1880 cm⁻¹, which is larger than the energy resolution of FEL-TUS. Another possible factor may be a shorter micropulse interval (∼350 ps) of FEL-TUS than the collisional frequency of β-propiolactone molecules in the gas phase, which prevents the collisional energy transfer from ¹³C molecules to ¹²C molecules during successive micropulses.     

β-Galactosidase activity of commercial lactase samples in raw and pasteurized milk at refrigerated temperatures

Many consumers are unable to enjoy the benefits of milk due to lactose intolerance. Lactose-free milk is available but at about 2 times the cost of regular milk or greater, it may be difficult for consumers to afford. The high cost of lactose-free milk is due in part to the added cost of the lactose hydrolysis process. Hydrolysis at refrigerated temperatures, possibly in the bulk tank or package, could increase the flexibility of the process and potentially reduce the cost. A rapid β-galactosidase assay was used to determine the relative activity of commercially available lactase samples at different temperatures. Four enzymes exhibited low-temperature activity and were added to refrigerated raw and pasteurized milk at various concentrations and allowed to react for various lengths of time. The degree of lactose hydrolysis by each of the enzymes as a function of time and enzyme concentration was determined by HPLC. The 2 most active enzymes, as determined by the β-galactosidase assay, hydrolyzed over 98% of the lactose in 24 h at 2°C using the supplier's recommended dosage. The other 2 enzymes hydrolyzed over 95% of the lactose in 24 h at twice the supplier's recommended dosage at 2°C. Results were consistent in all milk types tested. The results show that it is feasible to hydrolyze lactose during refrigerated storage of milk using currently available enzymes.     

Computational design of high efficiency FeSi2 thin-film solar cells

A novel PV cell structure in the form of a p-i-n construction is proposed by inserting a layer of FeSi₂ between two layers of crystalline silicon. The energy band diagram and PV properties are simulated. The structure parameters, such as the thickness, doping concentration and defect density of states of each layer, are taken into account. The optimized structure with a thickness less than 1 μm shows a large open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.68 V and a high photoelectric conversion efficiency (Eff) of 24.7%, which is significantly larger than that of the FeSi₂/Si double-layer pn-heterojunction structure, and is comparable with the performance of crystalline Si solar cells with a thickness of 250 μm. The Voc and Eff increase further when replacing the crystalline Si at both sides of the FeSi₂ layer with amorphous Si layers. The present work is expected to open a new avenue in developing low-cost thin film solar cells on the basis of the well established Si technology.     

Crystalline thin films of β-phase poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene)

The detailed structure of crystalline β-phase poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) films was studied by polarized optical measurements, transmission electron microscopy, and grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction. Crystalline β-phase PFO thin films were fabricated by a friction transfer technique and subsequent vapor treatment. Compared to the α-phase, the lattice parameters of the β-phase crystals shrank along the a-axis (film thickness direction) and elongated along the b-axis (side-chain direction), but the period along the c-axis (main-chain direction) remained nearly equal. These changes in molecular packing were consistent with a planar conformational change from the α-phase to the β-phase of PFO.